When it comes to air freight, size isn’t just a matter of fitting things into a box, it is something that can directly impact cost, availability, and routing. Whether you’re shipping small parcels or oversized machinery, understanding air cargo size limits helps you plan smarter and avoid costly surprises.
Air cargo dimensions refer to the physical measurements of your shipment (length, width, and height) including packaging. These determine how your freight will be loaded and whether it fits within the allowable limits of the aircraft or container.
Common ULD (Unit Load Device) Sizes:
Can Air Freight Include Oversized Cargo?
Yes, but not all aircraft can accommodate oversized freight. While narrow-body planes are limited to smaller, lower-height cargo (often below 40″), wide-body freighters and dedicated cargo planes like the Boeing 747-8F or Antonov An-124 can handle much larger shipments.
Examples of oversized air freight:
- Industrial machinery
- Large auto parts or engines
- Construction equipment
- Emergency relief supplies
Keep in mind that oversized air freight often comes with higher handling fees, limited routing options, and longer lead times depending on aircraft availability.
Do Airports or Aircraft Limit Cargo Size?
While airports don’t set strict limits on cargo size, their infrastructure and handling capabilities do impose practical constraints. Some terminals may lack the equipment to offload very large shipments, especially at smaller or regional airports.
More importantly, aircraft type defines most size limits. Some Aircraft Cargo Hold Examples:
- Narrow-body aircraft (e.g., Boeing 737):
Max cargo height: ~40 - Wide-body aircraft (e.g., Boeing 777F, 747F):
Can handle freight up to 118″ tall
Greater weight tolerance and larger door openings
When planning air freight, your forwarder or carrier will consider the type of aircraft available along your shipping route.
What Is Dimensional Weight and How Does It Impact Shipping Costs?
In air freight, you don’t just pay for how heavy your cargo is, you also pay for how much space it occupies. That’s where dimensional (volumetric) weight comes in.
Dimensional Weight Formula:
Length × Width × Height (in inches) ÷ 166
(Use 166 for domestic shipments and 139 for international shipments with certain carriers.)
Your shipping cost will be based on whichever is greater: actual weight or dimensional weight.
Example:
A box that weighs 100 lbs but takes up the space of 150 lbs worth of cargo will be charged at the higher 150-lb dimensional weight.
This pricing model encourages efficient packing and makes bulky but lightweight items more expensive to ship.
Are There Limitations on Stackable or Unusual Cargo Shapes?
Yes. While many ULDs and aircraft cargo holds are designed for standardized pallet and container sizes, irregular or unstackable freight may need special placement and protection.
Limitations may include:
- Restrictions on stacking height
- Cargo that must remain upright (e.g., liquids, delicate electronics)
- Weight distribution issues for unevenly shaped loads
Clearly labeling these requirements and working with an experienced logistics team ensures that your freight is handled correctly
Need Help Navigating Air Cargo Limits?
From compact shipments to oversized freight, contacting MTA’s logistics experts can help you assess the right fit for your cargo and budget. We’ll walk you through dimensional planning, compliance, and routing to ensure your air freight moves smoothly, on time, and on budget.
Explore our full guide on air cargo dimensions HERE.
